The coupling between the combustion space and the refiner is successfully modeled using two separate submodels, one for the combustion space and the other for the refiner. The combustion space is first calculated with a convective boundary condition. The temperature profile on the bottom boundary is exported and applied to the refiner glass surface. The resulting heat flux on the glass surface is then applied back to the bottom boundary of the combustion space, which completes an iteration of coupling. The temperature of selected locations in the refiner is monitored for each iteration. The calculation stops when the temperature difference between iterations is within 10K.

Temperature contours through the plane of the burners

Temperature contours on the wall and pathlines of particles injected from the inlet.